What is Dementia?

dementia is an organic brain syndrome which results in global cognitive impairments. Dementia buttocks occur as a result of a variety of neurological diseases. Some of the more well know dementing diseases include Alzheimers disease (AD), multi-infarct dementia (MID), and Huntingtons disease (HD). throughout this try on the emphasis will be placed on AD (also known as dementia of the Alzheimers type, and primary degenerative dementia), because statistically it is the most significant dementing disease occurring in over 50% of demented diligents (see epidemiology).

The clinical picture in dementia is real similar to delirium, except for the course. Delirium is an acute transitory disorder. By contrast Dementia is a long term state-of-the-art disorder (with the exception of the reversible dementias). The course of AD can range anywhere from 1.5 to 15 years with an aver get along of around 8.1 years (Terry , 1988). AD is usually divided into three stages mild, halt, and severe. Throughout these stages a specific sequence of cognitive deterioration is detect (Lezak, 1993). The mild stage begins with memory, attention, speed dependent activities, and abstract ratiocination dysfunction. as well as mild language impairments begin to surface. In the moderate stage, language deficits such as aphasia and apraxia become prominent. Dysfluency, paraphasias, and bizz ar word combinations are common midstage speech defects. In the severe stage the patient is gradually reduced to a vegetative state.



Speech becomes nonfluent, repetitive, and for the most part non-communicative. Auditory comprehension is exceedingly particular(a), with some patients displaying partial or complete mutism. Late in the course of the disease many neuropsychological functions can no longer be measured. Also primitive reflexes such as grasp and suck emerge. close usually results from a disease such as pneumonia which overwhelms the limited vegetative functions of the patient.

Dementia is commonly differentiated along two dimensions: age and cortical level. The first dimension, age,

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